A neuron is a cell associated with the nervous system. Its job is to send and receive messages from other cells. Neurons are used in motor function, somatic sensation, sensory processing, and thought. It has three basic parts: the soma, or cell body, the dendrites, and the axon. The cell body houses the nucleus of the cell as well as the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The dendrites are responsible for receiving input from other cells. The axon transmits the information to another cell. The gap between the neurons is called a synapse. Neurons use electrochemical signaling to propagate their message. Chemicals known as neurotransmitters are responsible for transduction between cells. Within the neuron, the signal is carried by an electrical wave. There are many types of neurons in the human body, and each type has a unique purpose. The brain and spinal cord are made up of neurons (as well as a couple more types of cells, collectively known as glial cells). If you want to walk, for instance, the message begins in your brain. It then travels down your spinal cord. From there, the signal is carried to the muscles of your leg. The chemicals released by the neurons cause the muscles in your leg to contract or relax as necessary for the desired movement.
Monday, October 24, 2016
Functional Anatomy of a Neuron
A neuron is a cell associated with the nervous system. Its job is to send and receive messages from other cells. Neurons are used in motor function, somatic sensation, sensory processing, and thought. It has three basic parts: the soma, or cell body, the dendrites, and the axon. The cell body houses the nucleus of the cell as well as the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The dendrites are responsible for receiving input from other cells. The axon transmits the information to another cell. The gap between the neurons is called a synapse. Neurons use electrochemical signaling to propagate their message. Chemicals known as neurotransmitters are responsible for transduction between cells. Within the neuron, the signal is carried by an electrical wave. There are many types of neurons in the human body, and each type has a unique purpose. The brain and spinal cord are made up of neurons (as well as a couple more types of cells, collectively known as glial cells). If you want to walk, for instance, the message begins in your brain. It then travels down your spinal cord. From there, the signal is carried to the muscles of your leg. The chemicals released by the neurons cause the muscles in your leg to contract or relax as necessary for the desired movement.
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